Digitalization, Competence, and Organizational Support as Determinants of ASN Performance: The Role of Motivational Mediation in Local Government Agencies in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59525/jess.1632Keywords:
digitalization; competence; organizational support; motivation; ASN performance; PLS-SEM; IndonesiaAbstract
Objective: This study aims to analyze the influence of digitalization, competence, and organizational support on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN), with work motivation according to mediation variables. The research was conducted at the South Solok Regency Population Control, Family Planning, Women's Empowerment, and Child Protection Office. Design/method/approach: This study uses a quantitative approach with explanatory design and cross-sectional surveys. The research population amounted to 54 ASN. The sampling technique uses total sampling, so that the entire population is used as a respondent. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS. Findings: The results of the study show that digitalization, competence, and organizational support have a positive and significant effect on motivation. Motivation also has a positive and significant effect on the performance of ASN. Directly, digitalization, competence, and organizational support have a positive and significant effect on the performance of ASN. Competency is the most dominant factor in improving the performance of ASN, followed by digitalization and organizational support. The results of the mediation test showed that motivation mediated the influence of competence on the performance of ASN partially. Motivation also mediates the influence of digitalization on ASN performance, but with a weak level of mediation. Organizational support does not have a positive and significant effect on the performance of ASN through motivation. Originality/value: This article contributes to the study of public sector human resource management by integrating digitalization, competence, organizational support, motivation, and performance in one empirical model. This research also presents evidence from local government agencies in Indonesia that are facing the demands of digital transformation and limited human resource readiness.
References
Aguinis, H. (2013). Performance management (3rd ed.). Pearson.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99-120. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
Cerasoli, C. P., Nicklin, J. M., & Ford, M. T. (2014). Intrinsic motivation and extrinsic incentives jointly predict performance: A 40-year meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 140(4), 980-1008. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0035661
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319-340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The what and why of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11(4), 227-268. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327965PLI1104_01
Dessler, G. (2017). Human resource management (15th ed.). Pearson.
Dwiyanto, A. (2017). Manajemen pelayanan publik: Peduli, inklusif, dan kolaboratif. Gadjah Mada University Press.
Eisenberger, R., Huntington, R., Hutchison, S., & Sowa, D. (1986). Perceived organizational support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71(3), 500-507. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.71.3.500
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800104
Grant, A. M. (2008). Does intrinsic motivation fuel the prosocial fire? Motivational synergy in predicting persistence, performance, and productivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(1), 48-58. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.93.1.48
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Sage.
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2022). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using R. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43, 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
Kurtessis, J. N., Eisenberger, R., Ford, M. T., Buffardi, L. C., Stewart, K. A., & Adis, C. S. (2017). Perceived organizational support: A meta-analytic evaluation of organizational support theory. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1854-1884. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315575554
Matt, C., Hess, T., & Benlian, A. (2015). Digital transformation strategies. Business & Information Systems Engineering, 57, 339-343. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12599-015-0401-5
Mergel, I., Edelmann, N., & Haug, N. (2019). Defining digital transformation: Results from expert interviews. Government Information Quarterly, 36(4), Article 101385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2019.06.002
Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 698-714. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.698
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2018). Organizational behavior (18th ed.). Pearson.
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020). Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 61, Article 101860. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101860
Spencer, L. M., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at work: Models for superior performance. John Wiley & Sons.
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. (2024). United Nations E-Government Survey 2024: Accelerating digital transformation for sustainable development. United Nations.
Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 27(3), 425-478. https://doi.org/10.2307/30036540
Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Hetty Fitriyah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
