From Online Spaces to Urban Governance: Political Socialization via Social-Media among University Students

Nusrat Azeema

doi:10.59525/inestera.1574

Authors

Nusrat Azeema Hohai University Nanjing; China

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59525/inestera.1574

Keywords:

Politics, Political Socialization, Political Engagement, Technology, Social Media

Abstract

Online venues, especially social media platforms, have become more important in the modern digital age for political socialization, especially among young people. With an eye on urban government, this study investigates the effects of political socialization on university students' offline political engagement and perceptions of their own political efficacy through social media. In this study, 375 undergraduate and graduate students had their survey data analyzed using a quantitative research approach. This study looks at the connection between being politically active online, being politically conscious, and actually getting involved in politics. The results show that college students rely heavily on social media to be informed about politics and have a strong sense of political agency. An individual's belief in their own political impact and their engagement in offline political processes as they pertain to city administration are both positively correlated with their degree of political engagement on the internet. It appears that social media plays a vital role in the modern process of political socialization, since there is a strong relationship between political knowledge, online involvement, and offline activity. Digital platforms are changing the way young people get involved in politics, and this study highlights the social significance of these platforms and their potential to improve participatory city planning.

References

Abdu, S. D., Mohamad , B., & Muda, S. (2017). Youth Online Political Participation: The Role of Facebook Use, Interactivity, Quality Information and Political Interest. International Conference on Communication and Media: An International Communication Association Regional Conference (pp. 1-10). Malaysia: SHS Web of Conferences.

Adebisi, A. A. (2016). Cognitive engagement and online political participation on Facebook and Twitter among youths in Nigeria and Malaysia. Changlun: Universiti Utara Malaysia.

Ahmad, D. K., & Sheikh, D. K. (2013). Social Media and Youth Participatory Politics: A Study of University Students. South Asian Studies, 353-360.

Ali, A., & Ali, H. S. (2014). Role of New Media in Political Discussion and Changing Voting Behavior of University Students. International Research Journal of Social Sciences, 4-9.

Aubrey, F. B. (1978). Perspectives on human communication. New York: Collier Macmillan.

Bimber , B., & Copeland, L. (2011). Digital Media and Traditional Political Participation Over Time in the U.S. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 125-137.

Biswas, A., Ingle, N., & Roy, M. (2014). Influence of Social Media on Voting Behavior. Journal of Power, Politics & Governance, 127-155.

Borah, P. (2014). Facebook Use in the 2012 USA Presidential Campaign. Social Media in Politics, 201-211.

Calder, B. (2013). Political Participation in the Social Media Moment: The Emergence of Personal Politics. Political Science.

Cantijoch, M. C. (2012). Internet Use and Political Engagement: The Role of E-Campaigning as a Pathway to Online Political Participation. Center for the Study of Democracy.

Chan, M., & Guo, J. (2013). The Role of Political Efficacy on the Relationship Between Facebook Use and Participatory Behaviors: A Comparative Study of Young American and Chinese Adults. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 460-463.

Conroy, M., Feezell, J. T., & Guerrero, M. (2012). Facebook and political engagement: A study of online political group membership and offline political engagement. Computers in Human Behavior, 1535-1546.

DORIS. (2014). AN ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF SOCIAL MEDIA IN POLITICAL EDUCATION AND MOBILIZATION. Makurdi: Benue State University.

Eijaz, A. (2013). Impact of New Media on Dynamics of Pakistan Politics. Journal of Political Studies, 113-130.

Emruli, S., & Bača, M. (2011). Internet and political communication - Macedonian case. International Journal of Computer Science , 154-163.

Gerodimos, R., & Justinussen, J. (2014). Obama’s 2012 Facebook Campaign: Political Communication in the Age of the Like Button. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 113-132.

Gibson , R. K., & McAllister, I. (2012). Online Social Ties and Political Engagement. Journal of Information Technology & Politics, 21-34.

Golan, G. J., Arceneaux, P. C., & Soule, M. (2018). The Catholic Church as a public diplomacy actor: an analysis of the pope’s strategic narrative and international engagement. The Journal of International Communication, 95-115.

Hanson, G., Haridakis , P. M., Cunningham, A. W., & Sharma, R. (2010). The 2008 Presidential Campaign: Political Cynicism in the Age of Facebook, MySpace, and YouTube. Mass Communication and Society, 584-607.

Heiss, R. M. (2016). Mobilizing for some: The effects of politicians’ participatory Facebook posts on young people’s political efficacy. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 123-135.

Hellweg, A. (2011). Social Media Sites of Politicians Inluence Their Perception by Constituents. The Elon Journal of Undergraduate Research in Communications, 22-36.

Horton, D., & Wohl, R. R. (2016). Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction. Psychiatry Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 215-229.

Ittefaq, M., & Iqbal, A. (2018). Digitization of the health sector in Pakistan: challenges and opportunities to online health. Digital Health, 1-13.

Jiang, L. (2016). The Effects of the Internet on Online and Offline Political Participation among Citizens in Australia. International 66th Annual International Conference of British Political Science Association, (pp. 1-23). Brighton.

Kahne, J. (2014). Youth, New Media, and the Rise of Participatory Politics. Youth and Participatory Politics Research Network, 1-25.

Kalsnes, B. (2016). The Social Media Paradox Explained: Comparing Political Parties’ Facebook Strategy Versus Practice. Social Media + Society, 1-11.

Karamat, A., & Farooq, D. A. (2016). Emerging Role of Social Media in Political Activism: Perceptions and Practices. South Asian Studies, 381-396.

Khan, M. A., & Shehbaz, M. Y. (2015). Role of Social Networking Media in Political Socialization of Youth of Multan. PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE, 437-449.

Larson, K. G. (2004). The Internet and political participation: the effect of Internet use on voter turnout. Washington, DC.

Lasswell, H. D. (1948). The structure and function of communication in society. The communication of ideas, 37-51.

Lazarsfeld, P. F., & Merton, R. K. (1948). Mass communication, popular taste, and organized social action. The Communication of Ideas, 95-118.

Lull, J. (2006). The Social Uses of Television. Human Communication Research, 197-209.

M., W. (2007). Expanding the Public Sphere: The Impact of Facebook on Political Communication. Social Media and Political Movement, 835-860.

Mahmud, A., & Amin, R. (2017). Use of Social Networking Media in Political Participation :A Study on Dhaka University Students. Sociology and Anthropology, 481-488.

MARCHEVA , M. (2008). The real political power of the internet: Facebook, a possible new hub of European elections? Paris: Université Panthéon-Assas.

Marco, S. D., Robles, J. M., & Antino, M. (2017). Reasons to Participate: The Role of Political Attitudes in Digital Activism. International Review of Social Psychology, 131-140.

McAllister, I. (2015). Internet use, political knowledge and youth electoral participation in Australia. Journal of Youth Studies , 1220-1236.

McCOMBS, M. E., & SHAW, D. L. (1972). THE AGENDA-SETTING FUNCTION OF MASS MEDIA. Public Opinion Quarterly, 176-187.

Medaglia, R., & Andersen, K. N. (2009). The Use of Facebook in National Election Campaigns: Politics as Usual? International Conference on Electronic Participation, (pp. 101-111).

Mendelsohn, D. H. (1963). Socio-Psychological Perspectives on the Mass Media and Public Anxiety. Journalism Quarterly, 511-516.

Michaelsen, M. (2011). New Media vs. Old Politics. Berlin: Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung.

Nam, T. (2012). Dual effects of the internet on political activism: Reinforcing and mobilizing. Government Information Quarterly, 590-597.

Njegomir, N. M. (2016). The impact of Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube on Millennials' political behavior. Spokane: Gonzaga University.

Papagiannidis, S., & Manika, D. (2016). Political Participation and Engagement via Different Online and Offline Channels. International Journal of E-Business Research, 1-22.

PEARLIN, L. I. (1959). Social and Personal Stress and Escape Television Viewing. Public Opinion Quarterly, 255-259.

Quintelier, E., & Vissers, S. (2008). The Effect of Internet Use on Political Participation: An Analysis of Survey Results for 16-Year-Olds in Belgium. Social Science Computer Review, 411-427.

Rainie, L., Smith, A., Schlozman, K. L., Brady, H., & Verba, S. (2012). Social Media and Political Engagement. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center’s Internet.

Raoof, J. K., Zaman, B. H., Ahmad , A., & Al-Qaraghuli, A. (2013). Using social network systems as a tool for political change. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 1143-1148.

Riaz, S. (2010). Effects of New Media Technologies on Political Communication. Journal of Political Studies, 161-173.

Sæbø, Ø., & Rustad , E. (2013). How, Why and with Whom Do Local Politicians Engage on Facebook? International Conference on Electronic Participation (pp. 69-79). International Federation for Information Processing.

Schmiemann, G. N. (2015). SOCIAL NETWORK SITES AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION : ATTRIBUTES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION'S FACEBOOK PAGES. Neatherlands: University of Twente, Enschede.

Siluveru, M. (2015). Social and digital media in political communication. International Journal of Scientific Research, 768-770.

Social, W. a. (2019). DIGITAL IN 2019: GLOBAL INTERNET USE ACCELERATES. We are Social.

Stefan, S., Tobias, B., & Linh, D.-X. (2012). Usage of Social Media for Political Communication. 16th Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems (PACIS) (pp. 1-341). Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Forschungsartikel in Sammelband (Konferenz).

Storck, M. (2011). The Role of Social Media in Political Mobilisation: a Case Study of the January 2011 Egyptian Uprising. Scotland: University of St Andrews.

Stumpel, M. (2010). The politics of social media. Facebook: Control and resistance. Neatherlands: University of Amsterdam.

Vitak, J., Smock, A., Zube, P., Carr, C., Lampe, C., & Ellison, N. (2009). “Poking” People to Participate: Facebook and Political Participation in the 2008 Election. FACEBOOK AND POLITICAL PARTICIPATION.

Zaheer, L. (2016). Use of Social Media and Political Participation among University Students. Pakistan Vision, 278-299.